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      "referencetext": "Ali, Masyhud. 2004. Asset Liability Management, “Menyiasati Risiko Pasar dan Risiko Operasional”. Jakarta : PT. Gramedia.\r\nAstuti, R. P. (2022). Pengaruh CAR , FDR , NPF , Dan BOPO Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 8(03), 3213–3223.\r\nAsyadiah, N., & Hasanuh, N. (2023). THE EFFECT OF CAR, LDR, AND BOPO ON NPL ON BANKS ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE. Bilancia: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 7(3), 686–695.\r\nAzizzah, A. N., Setiawan, I., & Kristianingsih. (2021). Pengaruh BI Rate dan BOPO terhadap NPL pada Bank Umum yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2010-2020 The impact of BI rate and BOPO to NPL on commercial banks listed on the IDX from 2010 to 2020. 1(3), 642–655.\r\nBacharsyah, M. B., & Simamora, S. C. (2025). PENGARUH CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO, LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO, BIAYA OPERASIONAL PENDAPATAN OPERASIONAL TERHADAP NON PERFORMING LOAN PADA PERBANKAN KONVENSIONAL YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2023. Jurnal Neraca Peradaban, 5(10), 98–108.\r\nDarwin, M., Mamondol, M. R., Sormin, S. A., Nurhayati, Y., Tambunan, H., Sylvia, D., Adnyana, I. made D. M., Prasetiyo, B., Pasionista, V., & Gebang, A. A. (2021). METODE PENELITIAN PENDEKATAN KUANTITATIF.\r\nDesriyunia, G. D., Wulandhari, K., Puspita, D., & Yulaeli, T. (2023). Faktor – faktor Rasio Keuangan meliputi : Rasio Likuiditas , Rasio Solvabilitas , Rasio Profitabilitas , Rasio Aktivitas , dan Rasio Investasi , Berpengaruh Terhadap Kinerja Laporan Keuangan ( Literature Review Manajemen Keuangan ). SAMMAJIVA : Jurnal Penelitian Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 1(3).\r\nEffiyaldi, Pasaribu, J. P. K., Suratno, E., Melani, K., Gunardi, Naibaho, R., Hati, S. K., & Vira, A. (2022). Penerapan uji multikolinieritas dalam penelitian manajemen sumber daya manusia. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, May 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33998\/jumanage.2022.1.2.89\r\nFiqih, & Ardiansyah. (2025). Analisis Pengaruh LDR , NIM & BOPO terhadap NPL Yang Terdaftar Di BEI Priode 2021 sampai 2023. Jurnal Multiparadigma Akuntansi, VII(3), 1358–1367.\r\nHerlina, Damayanti, F., & Ikhsan, S. (2024). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Beban Operasional Dan Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) Terhadap Non Performing Loan (NPL) Pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah di Indonesia Periode 2019 – 2023. Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah Vol 7 No 2, Juli 2024, 7(2), 1511–1523.\r\nIba, Z., & Wardhana, A. (2024). Uji Asumsi Klasik. July.\r\nJinggili, F. A., Mardi, Susanti, S., & Respati, D. K. (2022). Analisis Kecukupan Modal pada Bank Konvensional di Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Pajak, 22(2), 520–529.\r\nMurjani. (2022). PROSEDUR PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF. 5(1), 687–713.\r\nNafi atul, U., Sari, Y. N. I., & Lestari, Y. J. (2022). ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN UNTUK MENGUKUR KINERJA KEUANGAN. E-Jurnal Akuntansi TSM, 2(3), 89–96.\r\nOlivia Francisca, & Achmad Ludvy. (2025). Analisis Efisiensi Capital Adequacy Ratio (Car), Loan To Deposit Ratio (Ldr) Dan Bank Size Terhadap Non Performing Loan (Npl) Pada Pt Bank Multiarta Sentosa Tbk Periode 2014-2024. Jurnal Rumpun Manajemen Dan Ekonomi, 2(5), 109–120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.61722\/jrme.v2i5.6373\r\nOtoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2023). Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 15\/2\/PBI\/2013 Tentang Penetapan Status dan Tindak Lanjut Pengawasan Bank Umum Konvensional. Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 15\/2\/PBI\/2013 Tentang Penetapan Status Dan Tindak Lanjut Pengawasan Bank Umum Konvensional, 53(9), 1689–1699.\r\nPardosi, A. R. S., Hutabarat, F., & Siagian, H. (2024). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Biaya Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), Return on Asset (ROA), dan BI Rate terhadap Non-Performing Loan (NPL) Bank. Journal of Management and Bussines (JOMB), 6(02), 633–644.\r\nPratama, A. P., Syamsurizal, Kurniasari, R., & Azwar. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh CAR, NPL, LDR dan BOPO Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum di Indonesia Tahun 2019-2022. JAProf: Jurnal Administrasi Profesional Vol. 04, No.1, Bulan Juli 2023 Analisis, 04(1), 38–45.\r\nPutri, Y. M., Rahman, A., & Hidayati, K. (2021). Analisis Rasio Profitabilitas , Rasio Likuiditas , dan Rasio Solvabilitas , dalam Menilai Kinerja Keuangan pada PT . Bank Rakyat Indonesia ( Persero ), Tbk yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Equity: Jurnal Akuntansi, 2(September), 14–26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46821\/equity.v2i1.198\r\nRatnasari, D., Huda, N., & Nurulrahmatia, N. (2025). PENGARUH NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) DAN LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO (LDR), TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSET (ROA) PADA PT. BANK NEGARA INDONESIA (PERSERO), TBK Desi. Pediaqu: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Dan Humaniora, 4(4), 6666–6683.\r\nRizkison, Susilawati, N., Munawawarah, I., & Septria, F. (2025). ANALISA MENDALAM NPL BANK UMUM KONVENSIONAL DILIHAT DARI CAR, LDR, ROA DAN BOPO YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA BEI. 17(1), 92–99.\r\nSugiyono. (2023). METODE PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF,KUALITATIF, DAN R&D.\r\nTondok, W. S., Kalangi, J. B. R., & F.I, W. (2023). PENGARUH ANGKATAN KERJA DAN PENGELUARAN KONSUMSI RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN TANA TORAJA TAHUN 2011-2021. Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Efisiensi, 23(5), 49–60.\r\nWulandari, F. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Likuiditas dan Profitabilitas terhadap Loan to Deposit Ratio pada Bank Umum di Indonesia. WIRNA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 1(1), 86–95.\r\nYahya, D. P., & Devirosawati, M. (2024). PENGARUH NET INTEREST MARGIN, CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO, DAN BEBAN OPERASIONAL PENDAPATAN OPERASIONAL TERHADAP. Journal of Accounting and Business Studies, 9(1), 1–18.\r\nYam, J. H. (2023). NON PERFOMING LOAN DAN BANK SUSTAINBILITY PERFORMANCE.",
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      "title": "PENGARUH CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO (CAR), LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO (LDR), DAN BOPO TERHADAP NON-PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) PADA PERBANKAN KONVENSIONAL YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2023-2025",
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      "abstract": "Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya pengelolaan risiko kredit pada perbankan konvensional yang tercermin melalui tingkat Non-Performing Loan (NPL). NPL merupakan salah satu indikator kesehatan bank yang menunjukkan kemampuan bank dalam mengelola kredit yang disalurkan. Permasalahan penelitian ini adalah apakah Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), dan BOPO, baik secara parsial maupun simultan, berpengaruh terhadap Non-Performing Loan (NPL) pada perbankan konvensional yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2023–2025. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian kausalitas. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan diperoleh 15 bank konvensional yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Dengan periode pengamatan selama tahun 2023-2025, jumlah data yang dianalisis sebanyak 45 sampel observasi. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan yang dipublikasikan melalui Bursa Efek Indonesia dan situs resmi perusahaan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan meliputi uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear berganda, uji koefisien determinasi, uji parsial (uji t), dan uji simultan (uji F) dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Non-Performing Loan (NPL), (2) Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Non-Performing Loan (NPL), (3) BOPO berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Non-Performing Loan (NPL), dan (4) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), dan BOPO secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Non-Performing Loan (NPL) pada perbankan konvensional yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2023-2025.",
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